Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR Applications)

Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) grants individuals the right to reside in the UK without immigration restrictions. It is a significant milestone on the path to British citizenship, representing long-term security for migrants and their families. This guide offers a comprehensive overview of ILR in 2025, including eligibility, routes, and the application process.

What is Indefinite Leave to Remain?

Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR), also known as permanent residence or settlement, is a highly sought-after immigration status that grants foreign nationals the right to live, work, and study in the UK without any time restrictions. Unlike temporary visas or limited leave to remain, ILR provides individuals with permanent status in the country.

Once granted, ILR holders are no longer subject to the usual visa restrictions, meaning they can stay in the UK indefinitely without needing to renew their immigration status. They can access a wide range of public services, including the National Health Service (NHS), and may be eligible for public funds such as benefits and social housing, depending on their circumstances.

ILR also opens the pathway to British citizenship. After holding ILR for at least 12 months, individuals can apply for naturalisation, taking the next step towards becoming a British citizen and enjoying the full rights and privileges of UK nationality.

Benefits of ILR

• Live and work in the UK without restriction – You are free to take any job, start a business, or work without sponsorship.
• Access to NHS services – Enjoy full access to the UK’s National Health Service without paying the immigration health surcharge.
• Eligibility for public funds – ILR holders can apply for benefits and social housing, depending on their personal circumstances.
• Pathway to British citizenship after 12 months – Once you’ve held ILR for a year, you may apply to become a British citizen.
• Freedom to travel in and out of the UK – You can enter and exit the country without needing a visa or re-entry permit

Immigration Routes Leading to ILR

ILR may be obtained through several visa categories:

• Skilled Worker visa – Eligible professionals with a job offer in the UK can apply for ILR after a qualifying period on the Skilled Worker visa.
• Spouse and family visas – Partners and family members of UK citizens or settled individuals may apply for ILR after meeting the required residence duration.
• Innovator Founder visa – Entrepreneurs with an endorsed business idea can apply for ILR after 3 years of running their business in the UK.
• Global Talent visa – Highly skilled individuals in specific sectors can qualify for ILR after 3 years, provided they meet endorsement criteria.
• Long residence (10-year lawful stay) – Individuals who have lived legally in the UK for 10 continuous years may apply for ILR under the long-residence route.

How Long is Indefinite Leave to Remain Valid?

While ILR has no expiry date, it can be revoked if the individual spends more than 2 years outside the UK or breaches immigration laws.

Distinction between ILR and Other UK Visas and Residency Statuses

ILR is a permanent status, unlike temporary visas that require renewal. Unlike limited or further leave to remain, ILR does not impose conditions on your stay.

Differences Between Limited, Further and Indefinite Leave to Remain

• Limited Leave: Temporary permission with an end date
• Further Leave: Extension of limited leave
• Indefinite Leave: Permanent residency without restrictions

When Can You Apply for ILR?

Knowing when you’re eligible to apply for ILR depends on your visa type, length of lawful residence, and whether you qualify for a standard or accelerated route to settlement.

Five-Year Route

Most applicants qualify after 5 continuous years in the UK on eligible visas such as Skilled Worker or Spouse visas.

Ten-Year Route to ILR

Applicants with 10 years of lawful residence, regardless of visa type, may apply under the long-residence route.

Accelerated Route to ILR

Certain visas allow for accelerated settlement:

• Innovator Founder: after 3 years
• Global Talent: after 3 years with endorsement
• Investor visa (legacy route): after 2–3 years based on investment level

Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) Requirements

To qualify for ILR, applicants must meet a set of strict requirements covering residence history, English proficiency, legal conduct, and visa specific rules.

UK Continuous Residence Requirement

Applicants must have lived in the UK continuously, without long absences, during the qualifying period.

ILR Absence Rule

You must not have spent more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12-month period during the qualifying period.

English Language Requirement

Proficiency at B1 CEFR level or above in English, Welsh or Scottish Gaelic is required, unless exempt.

Life in the UK Test

A mandatory test assessing knowledge of UK traditions, history, and culture.

Good Character Requirement

Applicants must not have criminal convictions or breaches of immigration laws.

Visa-Specific Criteria

Certain visas require meeting additional criteria such as minimum earnings or business performance.

Apply for Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR)

Applying for ILR involves completing a formal online process with detailed documentation, fees, and biometric enrolment at an authorised centre.

ILR Application Form

Use the appropriate online form (e.g., SET(M), SET(O)) depending on your visa type.

Step-by-Step Guide to the ILR Application Process

• Check eligibility
• Gather supporting documents
• Complete online application
• Pay fees
• Book biometric appointment at UKVCAS
• Upload or submit documents

Supporting Documents for ILR

• Current and previous passports
• Proof of residence and income
• Life in the UK test certificate
• English language certificate (if applicable)
• Police registration certificate (if required)

ILR Application Fees

The standard ILR application fee is £3,029 (as of 2025).

ILR Processing Times

Standard processing may take up to 6 months. Applicants needing faster decisions may use priority services.

ILR Priority Processing

• Priority service: £500, decision in 5 working days
• Super priority service: £1,000, decision within 24 hours

ILR 180 Day Rule

This rule mandates that applicants must not be absent from the UK for more than 180 days in any rolling 12-month period during the qualifying residence period.

ILR for Dependants

Dependants, such as partners and children, may apply alongside the main applicant if they meet the same residence, language, and good character criteria. Additional financial evidence may be required.

ILR Application Tips

1. Common ILR Application Mistakes to Avoid

• Submitting incomplete forms
• Providing incorrect documents
• Exceeding allowed absences

2. Tips for a Successful ILR Application

• Begin preparations early
• Keep detailed records of travel and visa history
• Seek legal advice if unsure

If Your ILR Application is Approved

Receiving ILR is a major milestone here’s what you need to know about proving, preserving, and progressing beyond your settled status.

Proving ILR Status

ILR is confirmed via a Biometric Residence Permit (BRP). It may also be verifiable through online immigration status services.

Maintaining ILR Status

Avoid staying outside the UK for over 2 years. Obey immigration laws to retain your status.

Applying for British Citizenship with ILR Status

You may apply for citizenship 12 months after obtaining ILR, provided you meet all requirements including residence, language, and good character.

ILR Application Refused?

If your ILR application is refused, you may seek administrative or judicial review, or reapply if your circumstances have changed. Legal advice is strongly recommended.

Indefinite Leave to Remain is a crucial step for migrants aiming to settle permanently in the UK. Understanding the routes, requirements, and application process can significantly increase your chances of success.

Need Assistance?

Our specialist immigration solicitors in Manchester are dedicated to providing clear, expert advice and support throughout every step of the ILR journey. Whether you need assistance determining your eligibility, gathering necessary documentation, or submitting your application, we are here to guide you.

We understand the importance of a successful ILR application, and our team will help you avoid common pitfalls to maximise your chances of approval. With years of experience in immigration law, we are committed to offering personalised, professional service tailored to your individual needs.

Call us today on 0161 464 4140or book your consultation online to get started. Let us help you take the next step towards permanent residence in the UK.